DeJoy has been a top Republican Party fundraiser, including for the president's reelection effort, which prompted questions about how exactly he secured his new gig.
July 2020 has been a flurry of confusion and stress for postal workers, as a barrage of new measures are threatening to fundamentally overhaul and undermine the culture and operations of the U.S. Postal Service.
Earlier this month [2020-07], the Washington Post reported on a memo from the new USPS Postmaster General Louis DeJoy urging postal staff to leave behind mail at distribution centers if they thought it would cause a delay for letter carriers. Another memo stated that the USPS would be looking to cut transportation and overtime costs, bringing about "immediate, lasting, and impactful changes" to the federal agency.
The following week, postal workers learned of yet another new pilot program called "Expedited to Street/Afternoon Sortation," or ESAS, that would be rolling out in 384 delivery units nationwide beginning on July 25. The crux of this program, as outlined in an unsigned memo dated July 16, is to send letter carriers out to deliver mail more quickly in the morning by prohibiting them from sorting any mail in their offices before they go.
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Expedited to Street/Afternoon Sortation (pdf) | local copy (pdf)
These changes could delay mail from getting to its final destination by at least one day, if not longer. While the USPS memo billed ESAS as an effort to "improve consistency in delivery time" to customers, reduce overtime, and increase efficiency, postal workers were alarmed and shocked by these new dictates, which appeared to directly undermine a core value of their work.
"These are changes aimed at changing the entire culture of USPS," said Mark Dimondstein, the national president of the American Postal Workers Union. "The culture I grew up with, and of generations before me, is that you never leave mail behind. You serve the customer, you get mail to the customer. Prompt, reliable, and efficient."
Dimondstein said the union is putting in place an ESAS monitoring and reporting plan to evaluate the impacts of these new changes to service. "We are definitely getting our members educated and we will fight this post office by post office, community by community," he said. The union is also coordinating with members of Congress to discuss strategies, and Dimondstein said he's hoping for oversight hearings in early fall.
"I think the best way to put it is we're concerned," said Arthur Sackler, manager for the Coalition for a 21st Century Postal Service, a postal industry advocacy group. "Maybe this will just delay mail delivery once, but we're worried if there's no real time to sort, and no overtime, then there could be a cumulative growing impact."
Sackler said his group has still gotten no information or clarity about these new rules and their potential consequences from the federal agency. "We haven't been told anything, we haven't been consulted, and over the last three decades the Postal Service has had a good track record of talking to unions and industry groups if there are going to be changes."
In a statement, USPS spokesperson David Partenheimer told The Intercept that the Postal Service "is developing a business plan to ensure that we will be financially stable and able to continue to provide dependable, affordable, safe and secure delivery of mail and packages to all Americans as a vital part of the nation's critical infrastructure. The plan, which will be presented to the Board of Governors when it is finalized, will include new and creative ways to help us fulfill our mission, and will focus on the Postal Service's strengths to maximize our prospects for long-term success." In addition to developing the broader business plan, Partenheimer said, "the Postal Service is taking immediate steps to increase operational efficiency by re-emphasizing existing plans that have been designed to provide prompt and reliable service within current service standards."
Postal workers have been on high alert since May 2020, when it was announced that the USPS Board of Governors had selected DeJoy to serve as the new postmaster general and CEO. DeJoy has been a top Republican Party fundraiser, including for the Republican National Convention and the president's reelection effort, which prompted questions about how exactly he secured his new gig.
DeJoy previously worked as chair and CEO of New Breed Logistics, a massive warehousing and distribution company, and is the first postmaster general in over two decades to have never worked at USPS. He replaced outgoing postmaster general, Megan Brennan, who was appointed in 2015 and had been a career-long USPS employee, beginning as a letter carrier in Pennsylvania.
A bevy of worker violations and complaints have racked up at DeJoy's old stomping ground. When he was CEO, the National Labor Relations Board ruled that New Breed's hiring practices were "motivated by anti-union animus" when it avoided hiring any Longshore union members after it secured an Army contract in California. Between 2001 and 2015, New Breed and its affiliates paid more than $1.7 million for violations of labor law, wage and hour regulations, employee discrimination, and aviation regulations. In 2014, the New York Times reported on four women who worked in a Memphis warehouse for New Breed who suffered miscarriages after their supervisors refused their requests for light duties while pregnant. That same year New Breed merged with XPO Logistics, and since 2015, XPO and its affiliates have paid more than $30 million for a range of workplace violations. Last year, hundreds of drivers, warehouse workers, and intermodal drivers at XPO facilities worldwide protested against abuse and wage theft. Then when the COVID-19 pandemic hit, XPO offered to "lend" workers up to 100 hours of time off, but said they would have to repay that time.
DeJoy vowed to bring about change to USPS, criticizing the organization for having "an expensive and inflexible business model" that he said he looked forward to tackling head-on. "I did not accept this position in spite of these challenges, I accepted this position because of them," he told USPS employees in a June 15 video address.
Postal service workers feel particularly unnerved by the new ESAS program and DeJoy's appointment given the Trump administration's announcement in 2018 that the president would like to restructure and privatize the USPS. The White House suggested that the USPS could save money by raising rates, ending door-to-door delivery, and cutting down days of mail service. This past April [2020], Donald Trump called the Postal Service "a joke" and tried to force the agency to quadruple its package rates in exchange for COVID-19 relief.
Delaying mail delivery in the name of cutting costs and efficiency, Dimondstein argued, means that people will lose confidence in one of the most trusted federal agencies in the country, which, unlike its private competitors, delivers everywhere, including to unprofitable and rural areas. "Undermining and degrading the Postal Service helps frustrate the customer, which sets the stage to privatizing it," he said. "The Trump administration is on record for raising prices, reducing service, and reducing workers' rights and benefits. This [pilot] may be Trump's first foray to try and actually accomplish some of those things."
Rep. Bill Pascrell Jr., D-N.J., pointed to the implications delaying mail could have not just on letters and packages, but also for the upcoming election. "With states now reliant on voting by mail to continue elections during the pandemic, the destabilizing of the post office is a direct attack on American democracy itself," he said in a statement. Pascrell is a vocal supporter of postal banking and a co-sponsor of the USPS Fairness Act, a bill that would repeal the requirement that the Postal Service annually prepay future retirement health benefits. In May 2020, Pascrell called for an inspector general investigation into possible political interference by the Trump administration within USPS.
In terms of reducing overtime, Dimondstein said the obvious way to do so is to hire more workers. Between 2009 and 2018, according to the Government Accountability Office, USPS cut its workforce by more than 77,000 employees. "There's always going to be some fluctuation in mail, and overtime goes up during periods of high mail volume, but it also goes up when you're understaffed, and during this pandemic we've had over 38,000 postal workers quarantined for COVID-19 exposure so someone has to cover those shifts."
Drew, a letter carrier in Rockford, Illinois who requested his last name be withheld in case of employer retaliation, has worked for USPS for the past two years, and his parents also worked as carriers at different times. "This is the worst any of us have ever seen it," he told The Intercept. "One of the things that's always been a central tenet of the Post Office is that the mail gets through, no matter how late you have to work, what the weather is, and now it feels like that's being thrown out the window."
The level of uncertainty that looms over carriers now is affecting morale, according to Drew. "We don't know what sorts of overhauls are coming down the line," he said. "It feels like something new comes down every few weeks."
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