Frequently Asked Questions

    What is Persagen.org?

    Persagen is a knowledge engine based on independent,  open-source intelligence.

    The overarching vision / mission at Persagen is to make the world a better place (altruism). Our belief is that to effect change that addresses this mission, we must have access to factual knowledge, and understand the forces that affect our daily lives and future.

    Persagen curates, processes, and links truthful and verifiable data and information, enabling Readers and Researchers to quickly and confidently find and use information. For professionals - academic researchers, investigative journalists, ... - the resources provided at Persagen provide confidence, trust and efficiency.

    What is a knowledge engine?

    Wikipedia defines a knowledge engine as "part of a decision-support system that combines data with data models and inference rules to provide an interface for people who want to make decisions or discover related data." That definition aligns with Persagen's philosophy and approach, which 1. curates and links high quality data, and
    2. provides tools for users to explore those data.

    Who is Persagen.org (Team)?
    Victoria A. Stuart
    victoria.jpg
    Dr. Victoria A. Stuart, Ph.D.
    Owner / creator, Persagen.org
  • Pronouns: she / her
  • Personal website  |  About me
  • Curriculum vitae
  • About

    Hello, I'm Victoria, the creator and owner of Persagen.org. Originally from Nova Scotia, Vancouver, British Columbia has been my home for many years. With a background in academic research (molecular genetics), I am interested in the fundamental nature of information and the application of knowledge.

    Viz-a-viz this website, I seek to explore and understand forces that shape modern society. Approaches include open-source intelligence (OSINT), data science, ontology, machine learning, and natural language processing. Fundamental to this work is the development of a knowledge graph, which relates bits of information to one another, and facilitates knowledge discovery.

    Contact

  • Email: mail@persagen.org

  • Carm Wilson
    carm.jpg
    Carm Wilson
    Director of Client Engagement,
    Persagen.org
  • Pronouns: she / her
  • LinkedIn: Carm Wilson
  • About

    Greetings, and welcome to Persagen! 🙂

    As Director of Client Engagement, I am pleased to assist clientele by providing them with information or answering any questions they may have with respect to our website, Persagen.org.

    Born and raised in Vancouver, BC, I enjoy a variety of outdoor activities. I also enjoy cooking and mixed martial arts (as a spectator only).

    Please feel free to contact me with respect to any questions or comments you may have surrounding Persagen.

    Contact

  • Email: info@persagen.org

  • Where is Persagen.org?  |  Land Acknowledgement Statement

    Persagen.org is a web-based knowledge engine, hence it's (virtually) everywhere and nowhere. 😉

    Owner Victoria lives, works in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

    The city of Vancouver is located in the traditional and presently unceded territories of the Squamish,   Musqueam, and Tsleil-Waututh (Burrard) peoples of the Coast Salish group. They had villages in various parts of present-day Vancouver, such as Stanley Park, False Creek, Kitsilano, Point Grey and near the mouth of the Fraser River. The region where Vancouver is currently located was referred to in contemporary Halkomelem as Lhq'á:lets, meaning "wide at the bottom/end".

    Acknowledging the unceded territories 🙏

      The City of Vancouver acknowledges that it is situated on the unceded traditional territories of the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish), and səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations.

    This place is the unceded and ancestral territory of the hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ and Sḵwx̱wú7mesh speaking peoples, the xʷməθkʷəy̓əm (Musqueam), Sḵwx̱wú7mesh (Squamish), and səlilwətaɬ (Tsleil-Waututh) Nations, and has been stewarded by them since time immemorial.

    Vancouver is located on territory that was never ceded, or given up to the Crown by the Musqueam, Squamish, or Tsleil-Waututh peoples. The term unceded acknowledges the dispossession of the land and the inherent rights that Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh hold to the territory. The term serves as a reminder that Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh have never left their territories and will always retain their jurisdiction and relationships with the territory.

    What makes Persagen.org unique?
  • Academic-quality research

  • Not motivated by profit

  • Carefully-curated sources (factual information)

  • Motivated by social justice, environmental health

  • Emphasis on quality over quantity

  • "Independent." What does that mean?

    Persagen is fully independent, which means we have no external financial or mutual agreements or associations - or any other obligation for the operation of the site. Likewise, Persagen has no content contribution agreements from bloggers and other writers.

    Finances at Persagen are driven by sustainability - not profit. Monies at Persagen provide the stall with a living wage plus benefits; excess monies are reinvested in the site and its content and continued development. Other than the goal of providing outstanding service and content, there is no desire for growth for growths sake. Our primary obligation is serving the global community and stewardship of the planet.

    These foundational principles mean that Persagen is largely immune from external pressure.

    How is Persagen.org funded? (What is your business model?)

    Persagen is entirely funded by paid subscriptions (registered accounts) and donations. There is no advertising, paid or otherwise.

    Likewise, Persagen does not otherwise rely on other sources of external funding; hence, Persagen has no financial obligations to any external influence.

    Persagen also rejects the profit-driven model - which necessarily involves malignant growth - in favor of an ecosocialism-motivated approach that is mutually beneficial to Persagen and the world we all inhabit.

    To assist Persagen's vision and mission (How can I help?), please consider sharing knowledge about Persagen to your friends, family and colleagues; making donations to Persagen, and/or subscribing to (registering with) Persagen (sustainable funding through Stripe.com).

    Notes.

    1. Although there is a Registration button, content in the demo and registered versions of the Persagen.org website is identical (2023-06-13; this could change).

      Registrations provide monthly funds in support of Persagen's mission.

    2. It is an overarching principle at Persagen.org that access to knowledge should be freely accessible.

      Therefore - if access to content should become paywalled (see preceding statement), we hereby adopt the policy that those who cannot afford registered access may contact Persagen.org for a free account.

    What about privacy?
  • Privacy, freedom from surveillance, and access to reliable information - human rights principles - are core tenets at Persagen.org.

  • Persagen does not use third-party cookies or trackers, and user data (e.g. email addresses) and personal information - secured and protected - will never be sold or shared.

  • Persagen does not employ analytics or search engine optimization (SEO): users will find Persagen.org, organically.

  • On the backend, a secure encrypted cookie-like token is used for the "Remember me" feature (enabling registered users to return to Persagen.org without signing in again (times out at 30 days). However, that token (held in a relational database, not the web browser) otherwise contains no user information.

  • Persagen does not share, distribute, or sell user information, in any form (even anonymized).

  • User anonymity is maximized at Persagen:

    • Access to a truncated subset of Persagen data and content is freely available;

    • Paid subscriptions require a functioning email address for account setup and maintenance (e.g. cancellations), but Persagen does not otherwise know the identity or the location of those users.

  • What about the future? → See Long-term goals.

  • What is your approach?
  • Persagen.org employs a 3-pronged approach:

      1. Textual content provides knowledge

      2. An ontology provides hierarchical structure, organization, relationships

      3. A knowledge graph provides semantic relationships (triples: a knows b; b lives in c; ...)

  • Open-source intelligence: on a daily basis Persagen seeks, collects and curates data and information through vetted sources and independent research (e.g. corporate registries, tax filings, annual reports, and other published material).

  • Textual content (including key metadata) is indexed for search and retrieval.

  • The ontology categorizes information, allowing topics and entities (persons. places, things, ideas, ...) to be readily understood in a broader context.
  • The ontology is "grounded" (root node) - thus everything in the universe is categorized relative to everything else.

  • New sources of information (relevant news items; ...) may be quickly appended to the appropriate ontology entries, facilitating timely curation of content.

  • The ontology - also indexed - provides an additional source of indexed, searchable information.

  • Both the ontology (sample visualization) and the knowledge graph allow visualization of relationships, aiding understanding

  • This approach includes an ongoing research effort to assist data curation, storage, information retrieval, and data visualization:
    • Selection and use (as needed) of appropriate data structures, tools and techniques;

    • Integration of machine learning and natural language processing (carefully scrutinized to minimize noise, algorithmic biases, ...) .

    Sources of information

    Addressing the challenges to humanity outlined above requires unfettered access to factual knowledge, excluding sources known to be fraudulent.

    By covering a variety of informational sources, monitoring their motivations and agendae, and investigating their sources (e.g, raw source vs. mirrored content) I hope to provide -- as much as possible -- reputable content providing truthful information.

  • Persagen.org is a curated data environment. Sources of information are carefully examined and constantly evaluated for fact, truth, sourcing, funding, and bias.

  • Strong emphasis is placed on primary, well-documented sources of information. Ultimately, facts provided on Persagen.org should be traceable to their origin.

  • Social media platforms (e.g. Facebook) and posts, and advertising-funded sources (e.g. internet search engines: Google; ...) - rife with misinformation and disinformation - are excluded.

  • External contributions (solicited or unsolicited) are not accepted. This includes guest posts.

  • Persagen.org is not a social media platform.

  • What is an ontology?

    An ontology is a system for organizing (classifying; categorizing) information. For example, entries in a dictionary or an encyclopedia are sorted alphabetically - the ontological structure is the alphabet (A, B, C, ..., X, Y, Z). However - although ordered, facilitating easy browsing - that ontology is both shallow (depth is the alphabetical sorting of the first word or phrase) and arbitrary (the relation of entries to adjacent entries is largely random).

    In contrast, Persagen.org uses a grounded, hierarchical "tree" ontology. The root of the ontology encapsulates the universe and everything in it (real or imagined) - e.g. "Root - Nature - Earth - Countries - Canada". Everything in the ontology may be uniquely identified, and the ontological placement provides information about relationships among entries. A grounded ontology forms a type of graph structure - hierarchical "tree - with paths branching out from the Root, terminating in "leaf nodes" (the actual entry) - which may be a short description, a web page, etc. Ontological entries - which serve as repositories for relevant information - are easily cross-referenced. Finally, a more nuanced mapping of relationships among the information contained within an ontology forms a higher-dimensional structure called a knowledge graph - which permits both the querying and visualization of those relationships - facilitating knowledge discovery.

    In addition to providing information and collating relevant information and cross-references, summaries in the leaves (terminal nodes) of the ontology double as a glossary and quick-reference guide.


  • Formally, "An ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization" [Guarino N. et al. (2009) "What Is an Ontology?." In: Handbook on Ontologies (pp. 1-17). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg].

  • According to Wikipedia, an Ontology is the branch of philosophy that studies concepts such as existence, being, becoming, and reality. It includes the questions of how entities are grouped into basic categories and which of these entities exist on the most fundamental level. Ontology is sometimes referred to as the science of being and belongs to the major branch of philosophy known as metaphysics. ...

  • Ontologies - described in the 2022-06-30 Persagen Blog entry, What Is an Ontology? - play a key role in the categorization and discovery of knowledge at Persagen.org. Persagen's ontology, Eureka!, facilitates the hierarchical categorization of anything in the universe - real or imagined - in a grounded, relational structure.

  • Eureka! enables the rapid understanding of an entity or concept, visualization of its relationship to other entities and concepts, and discovery of related entities and concepts.

  • Sample visualization here.


  • Ontology - side notes
  • Persagen's ontology, Eureka!, is a living document. As new content is processed (each day), it is generally also placed ontologically.

  • Although not originally crafted this way, for convenience Eureka! more-or-less mirrors the ontology structure at Wikipedia. However, there is not a strict one-to-one correspondence, with Eureka! lacking most of Wikipedia's categories (not relevant to Persagen.org), or containing categories that are not present in Wikipedia.

  • The data structure and programmatic interfacing to Eureka! are currently an open research question. For routine maintenance a flat text file is used; however, visualizations may require other formats (e.g. JSON in D3.js: sample visualization), which are unwieldy at larger scales. Additionally, the unusual depth of some ontology entries causes visualization issues viz-a-viz the User's experience. A bespoke programmatic solution will ultimately be crafted. Until then, the raw text file - ontology.txt  [2023-02-15: ~25.6 MB, thousands of printed pages, may take 30+ seconds to fully load] - may be opened in a web browser and searched. That file may also be downloaded and searched with using command-line tools, such as grep.


  • Why use an ontology?
  • Persagen's ontology, Eureka! allows the placement of anything (real or imagined) in a hierarchical classification (categories; subcategories; sub-subcategories; ...

  • This ontology is grounded, which means anything in the ontology can be traced back to the ROOT node (which contains all entries).
  • Furthermore, paths to various entries may be traversed as desired, allowing exploration of those data - all the time knowing the precise ontological placement relative to all other entries.

  • Ontology entries may be viewed in a broader context (parent categories; grandparent categories; ...) allowing those entries to be more broadly understood in a broader context.
  • Ontology entries may be also be cross-referenced, again broadening the scope (contextual categorization) of the entry.
  • New content (news items, ... - added daily to Persagen.org) can be placed in the relevant ontology entry (entries) - which, with the attributes described above. This approach is superior to keyword (keyphrase) tags, which other than grouping related items provide no other advantage.

  • In contrast to keyword-tagged news articles, ontological placement in Eureka! allows the tagging of items with a flexible level of detail:

      { coarse  |  more detailed  |  fine-grained }.

  • Motivations (bias)

    Every work is biased - Persagen.org included. The underlying philosophy at Persagen.org is that extreme concentrations of wealth and power are catastrophically and irreparably harming society and the environment. Persagen.org also advocates for human rights. Societies and entities that discriminate against racial, ethnic or marginalized groups destroy basic human rights. Hence, content on Persagen.org is biased toward the inclusion of content that documents the sources, propagation, and societal consequences of (e.g.) environmental and ecological destruction, concentration of wealth and power, erosion of human rights and civil liberties, discrimination, hatred and intolerance, etc. Identifying, mapping and understanding those relationships facilitates informed decisions to address those issues.

    The following topics - and how they are regarded - comprise major areas of interest at Persagen.org.

    • Positively-regarded:
      • Ecosocialism
      • Egalitarianism
      • Environmentalism
      • Equality
      • Human rights
      • Social democracy
      • Social justice
      • Transparency
      • Truth
    • Negatively-regarded:
      • Conservatism
      • Conspiracy theories
      • Consumerism
      • Corporations, Conglomerates
      • Discrimination
      • Extremism
      • Fascism
      • Hate
      • Identity politics: cultural identity; ...
      • Industrial complexes: Military Industrial Complex; Prison Industrial Complex; Poverty Industrial Complex; ...
      • New Right: Alt-right; far-right politics; right-wing politics;
      • Populism
      • Poverty
      • Propaganda
      • Secrecy
      • Social media discourse
      • Wealth
    Philosophy  |  Mission  |  Vision
  • Philosophy
    • • The underlying philosophy at Persagen.org is that extreme concentrations of wealth and power are catastrophically and irreparably harming society and the environment. Societies and entities that discriminate against racial, ethnic or marginalized groups destroy basic human rights.

        • Consequently, Persagen.org advocates for human rights, providing content that documents the sources, propagation, and societal consequences of environmental and ecological destruction, concentration of wealth and power, erosion of human rights and civil liberties, discrimination, hatred and intolerance, etc.

        • Identifying, mapping and understanding those relationships facilitates informed decisions to address those issues.

    • • Keywords: • activism  |  • advocacy  |  • affordable housing  |  • bodily autonomy  |  • cultural preservation  |  • ecological preservation  |  • economic security  |  • ecosocialism  |  • education  |  • environmentalism  |  • equal rights  |  • equality  |  • food security  |  • freedom  |  • historical preservation  |  • justice  |  • knowledge  |  • leadership  |  • living wage  |  • nondiscrimination  |  • reconciliation  |  • reparations  |  • responsibility  |  • self-determination  |  • social justice  |  • socialism  |  • stewardship  |  • sustainability  |  • truth  |  • understanding

  • Mission
    • Persagen.org seeks to provide high-quality, factual information for the benefit of humanity, including future generations.

  • Vision
    • Persagen envisions itself as a long-term, self-sustaining nonprofit organization.

    • Surplus funds will be donated to external causes in line with Persagen's founding principles (principally: social justice).

    Security
    • Persagen.org security notes

    How can I help?

    Persagen.org is in an early start-up phase (2023). As social, political and ecological / environmental conditions deteriorate and independent journalism and local news erodes, the importance of websites like Persagen.org grows.

    Your support enables the continued development and growth of Persagen, which in turn provides the intelligence to understand and address those challenges.

    You can:

    • Donate:

      • Donations are one-time contributions in support of Persagen and its mission. Please refer below for enhanced support via subscriptions.

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        Persagen.org is a curated database / search / knowledge engine committed to universal social justice, equality, ecosocialism, & human rights.

        We track & curate wealth, power, & influence affecting those issues.

        Your subscription - which supports Persagen and its mission - is very much appreciated! 😀

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    Please contact us at the following accounts.

      • Email: Contact: info@persagen.org

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